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A recent study indicates that antibiotic resistance accounts for a significant 87% of the economic cost associated with typhoid fever in India.
Typhoid fever is an infectious disease primarily spread through contaminated food and water.
The findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and improve public health infrastructure.
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) occurs when microorganisms (like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) evolve and develop the ability to withstand the effects of antimicrobial drugs (such as antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics). This makes infections harder to treat, increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness, and death. Misuse and overuse of antimicrobials are primary drivers of AMR.
Simple Analogy: Imagine a lock (a microbe) and a key (an antimicrobial drug). AMR is like the lock changing its internal mechanism so that the original key no longer works, making it impossible to open and control the infection.
Aims to improve sanitation and hygiene, directly impacting the prevention of waterborne diseases like typhoid.
India's strategic framework to combat AMR, focusing on surveillance, research, awareness, and infection prevention.
Recognizes that human health is interconnected with animal health and the environment, crucial for addressing AMR comprehensively.
Introduction of typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV) can significantly reduce disease incidence and thus the pressure for antibiotic use.
GS-II: Health, Government Policies & Interventions; GS-III: Science & Technology, Economy (Health Sector)
General Science (Diseases), Current Affairs (Government Initiatives)
General Awareness (Health Issues, Government Schemes)
General Science (Diseases, Public Health), Current Affairs
General Awareness (Health & Hygiene, National Security implications of public health crises)
With reference to 'WaterCredit', consider the following statements: 1. It puts microfinance tools to work in the water and sanitation sector. 2. It is a global initiative launched under the aegis of the World Health Organization and the World Bank. 3. It aims to enable the poor people to meet their water needs without depending on subsidies. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Answer: 1 and 3 only
Consider the following statements : 1. The India Sanitation Coalition is a platform to promote sustainable sanitation and is funded by the Government of India and the World Health Organization. 2. The National Institute of Urban Affairs is an apex body of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs in Government of India and provides innovative solutions to address the challenges of Urban India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Answer: 2 only
Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India? 1. Genetic predisposition of some people 2. Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases 3. Using antibiotics in livestock farming 4. Multiple chronic diseases in some people Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Answer: 2 and 3 only
High
The ability of microbes to resist drugs designed to kill them.
An infectious disease caused by *Salmonella Typhi*.
The total cost (direct and indirect) that a disease or condition imposes on society.
A collaborative, multi-sectoral, and trans-disciplinary approach to achieve optimal health outcomes by recognizing the interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment.