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The landmark NALSA v. Union of India judgment (2014) recognized transgender persons as a 'third gender' and affirmed their right to self-identification.
This judgment upheld fundamental rights for transgender individuals, including equality, non-discrimination, and dignity under Articles 14, 15, 16, 19, and 21.
The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, was enacted to prevent discrimination against transgender individuals and provide for their welfare.
The Act mandates a certificate of identity and establishes the National Council for Transgender Persons (NCTP) to oversee policy implementation.
This landmark Supreme Court verdict recognized transgender persons as a 'third gender' and affirmed their right to self-identification. It mandated the government to ensure their rights under Articles 14, 15, 16, 19, and 21, including providing reservations, separate public facilities, and addressing social stigma.
Enacted to give statutory backing to the rights of transgender persons. It prohibits discrimination in education, employment, healthcare, public services, and housing. The Act provides for a certificate of identity and establishes the National Council for Transgender Persons (NCTP) to advise the government on policies and redress grievances.
The 'third gender' refers to individuals who do not identify exclusively as male or female. The NALSA judgment legally recognized this identity in India. Self-identification means an individual's right to determine their own gender identity without requiring medical or surgical intervention, a crucial aspect affirmed by the Supreme Court.
Simple Analogy: Just as a person can choose their name, self-identification allows a person to choose their gender identity, which is then legally recognized, rather than having it assigned at birth based on biological sex.
Through its landmark NALSA judgment, it played a crucial role in recognizing the rights and identity of transgender persons in India, laying the foundation for subsequent legislative action.
The petitioner in the landmark case, NALSA is a statutory body providing free legal services to the weaker sections of society and organizing Lok Adalats. Its role in the judgment highlighted the need for legal aid and recognition for transgender persons.
Established under the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, its functions include advising the Central Government on policies, programs, legislation, and projects for transgender persons, monitoring their impact, and redressing grievances.
The NALSA judgment explicitly linked transgender rights to Articles 14, 15, 16, 19, and 21, emphasizing equality, non-discrimination, and dignity.
The recognition and protection of transgender rights are central to the broader goal of social justice, aiming to uplift marginalized communities and ensure equitable treatment.
The Supreme Court's proactive role in the NALSA judgment exemplifies judicial activism in expanding human rights and filling legislative gaps.
GS Paper I (Society), GS Paper II (Polity - Fundamental Rights, Social Justice, Government Policies & Interventions, Supreme Court Judgments).
General Awareness (Polity, Current Affairs - Acts, Judgments, Important Bodies).
General Awareness (Current Affairs - Acts, Important Judgments, Social Issues).
General Awareness (Polity, Current Affairs - Acts, Important Judgments).
General Awareness (Polity, Current Affairs - Acts, Social Issues).
Consider the following statements: 1. Aadhaar metadata cannot be stored for more than three months. 2. State cannot enter into any contract with private corporations for sharing of Aadhaar data. 3. Aadhaar is mandatory for obtaining insurance products. 4. Aadhaar is mandatory for getting benefits funded out of the Consolidated Fund of India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Answer: 2 and 4 only
In India, Legal Services Authorities provide free legal services to which of the following type of citizens? 1. Person with an annual income of less than 1,00,000 2. Transgender with an annual income of less than 2,00,000 3. Member of Other Backward Classes (OBC) with an annual income of less than 3,00,000 4. All Senior Citizens Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Answer: 1 and 2 only
In India, which one of the following Constitutional Amendments was widely believed to be enacted to overcome the judicial interpretations of the Fundamental Rights?
Answer: 1st Amendment
High, especially for UPSC and state PSCs, given its intersection with Fundamental Rights, Social Justice, and recent legislation.
A social and legal category for individuals who do not identify as exclusively male or female.
The right of an individual to determine and declare their own gender identity.
Supreme Court's 2014 verdict recognizing transgender rights and identity.
Indian law prohibiting discrimination against transgender persons and providing for their welfare.