These two findings must be read together, and reading them together is the whole point. The 2024-25 survey identified no manual scavengers anywhere in India under the statutory definition; over an overlapping period the National Commission for Safai Karamcharis recorded 182 deaths from hazardous cleaning of sewers and septic tanks. Both are official figures, and they are not in conflict - they describe different categories under the same Act. But the juxtaposition marks precisely where the unfinished work lies. Eliminating the category of manual scavenger is a genuine achievement measured against a definition centred on insanitary latrines; 182 deaths in three and a half years shows that the underlying hazard - a human being entering a confined space full of toxic gas because mechanised equipment was unavailable or unused - has not ended. That is why NAMASTE's framing around a mechanised sanitation ecosystem rather than around rehabilitation alone is the right shift, and why the rehabilitation figures deserve scrutiny of their own: 5,632 receiving skill training and 483 receiving capital subsidy over three years, against 58,098 historically identified, is a modest conversion. The constitutional constraint sits behind all of it. Sanitation is a State subject, so enforcement against contractors who send workers into tanks depends on State machinery, and a central scheme can fund equipment and training but cannot itself prosecute.