MAITREE is a jungle-warfare exercise at its core. The training profile includes field exercises, combat discussions, lectures and technology demonstrations, closing with a validation exercise in which the two contingents operate together against a scripted scenario. The focus is joint counter-insurgency and counter-terrorist operations in jungle and semi-urban terrain - a shared operational problem, since both armies work in dense forest and along porous borders. Framing the exercise under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, which covers enforcement action in response to threats to the peace, breaches of the peace and acts of aggression, is standard for such drills and reflects the possibility of the two armies serving together in a UN-mandated operation. The choice of 9 Gorkha Rifles is fitting for jungle terrain, and the venue at Surat Thani places the exercise in peninsular southern Thailand.