The 2024 Act was itself a response to a paper leak, and the fact that it needed strengthening within two years is the most instructive thing about this amendment. The gap it addresses is not the absence of an offence but the speed and certainty of consequence: leaks are organised by networks that operate across states, prosecutions ran slowly through ordinary courts, and a case that concludes five years after an examination deters nobody. Hence the procedural core of the amendment — fast track courts, designated prosecutors, statutory investigation timelines — rather than merely longer sentences. The Rs 10 crore penalty for institutions is aimed at coaching centres and examination-service contractors that profit from the system rather than at individual candidates. The unresolved question, and the one worth carrying into an answer, is whether harsher punishment addresses what is fundamentally an examination-security and administrative-capacity problem: leaks have typically occurred at printing, transport and storage stages, which criminal law can punish but not prevent.