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Three Lok Sabha replies confirm PM-JANMAN's core parameters and give State-level progress snapshots (as on 30 June 2026), including for Kerala and Odisha — Odisha alone has 73,092 PVTG households (population 312,654) mapped under the mission's habitation-level data exercise.
PM-JANMAN was launched by the Prime Minister on 15 November 2023 for the socio-economic development of 75 PVTG communities across 18 States and 1 Union Territory, delivered through 11 interventions across 9 line Ministries.
Progress is tracked via a habitation-level data-collection exercise using the PM Gati Shakti mobile application, and monitored through a national Project Monitoring Unit alongside periodic State-level reviews.
Provide safe housing, clean drinking water, education/health/nutrition access, road/telecom connectivity, electrification and sustainable livelihoods to PVTG habitations
Key: Progress tracked via habitation-level data collection through the PM Gati Shakti mobile application, monitored by a national Project Monitoring Unit
PVTGs are the most vulnerable sub-category of India's Scheduled Tribes, first identified as 'Primitive Tribal Groups' during the Fifth Five-Year Plan (renamed PVTG in 2006), based on criteria such as pre-agricultural technology, stagnant/declining population, extreme economic backwardness and low literacy. There are 75 PVTGs (of 705 total Scheduled Tribes) across 18 States and 1 UT — Odisha has the highest count (13), followed by Andhra Pradesh (12).
Simple Analogy: Within the broader category of Scheduled Tribes, PVTGs are a smaller, specially flagged group considered at the highest risk of falling further behind without targeted intervention
Broader tribal-village-saturation scheme (₹79,156 crore, 30 States/UTs, all tribal-majority villages) launched later (Oct 2024); PM-JANMAN is narrower and PVTG-specific (₹24,104 crore, 18 States + 1 UT)
GS Paper 2 > Governance > Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections
In the context of polity, which one of the following would you accept as the most appropriate definition of liberty?
Answer: Opportunity to develop oneself fully
High — PM-JANMAN is a flagship, frequently updated PIB/exam topic
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group — the most vulnerable sub-category of Scheduled Tribes, 75 groups notified across 18 States and 1 UT