'One Nation, One Election' refers to holding simultaneous elections to the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies (and, in a later phase, local bodies). The Constitution (129th Amendment) Bill, 2024 was introduced to enable this and referred to a Joint Parliamentary Committee for detailed examination. The committee has been holding nationwide consultations on the constitutional, legal and administrative implications of synchronising elections, with a proposed rollout envisaged around 2029.

Simultaneous elections is one of the most significant electoral reforms under debate, with arguments about reduced costs and 'permanent campaign mode' on one side and concerns about federalism and logistics on the other. The tenure extension shows the committee needs more time for consultations before Parliament decides on a constitutional amendment of this scale.