The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs on 19 August 2026 approved four-laning of the 82.578 km Muzaffarpur-Sitamarhi-Sonbarsa section of NH-22 in Bihar.
The project will be built on Hybrid Annuity Mode at a total capital cost of Rs 3,590.73 crore.
The corridor links Muzaffarpur on NH-27 with the India-Nepal border at Sonbarsa through Sitamarhi.
It includes seven major bridges, three railway overbridges and two flyovers of 1,170 metres and 270 metres.
The alignment is planned under the PM GatiShakti National Master Plan and covers five economic nodes.
HAM is a public-private partnership model for highway construction that sits between the fully public EPC model and the fully private BOT-Toll model. The government funds part of the project cost in instalments while construction is under way, and pays the developer the balance as annuities spread over the concession period, along with interest. Crucially, the developer is paid annuities rather than left to recover money from tolls, so traffic and toll risk stays with the government while construction and maintenance risk stays with the developer.
Simple Analogy: The government pays part of the bill up front and the rest in EMIs, instead of asking the builder to recover its money from whoever uses the road.
| Model | Who funds construction | Who bears toll/traffic risk |
|---|---|---|
| EPC (Engineering, Procurement, Construction) | Government funds fully | Government |
| BOT-Toll (Build-Operate-Transfer) | Private developer funds | Private developer |
| HAM (Hybrid Annuity Mode) | Government part-funds; developer funds the rest | Government |
Integrated, multi-modal infrastructure planning across ministries on a common geospatial platform
Key: Launched on 13 October 2021; project alignments are checked on it for multimodal connectivity before approval
The corridor runs north from Muzaffarpur in north Bihar through Sitamarhi to Sonbarsa on the India-Nepal border, crossing the Bagmati river. It feeds into NH-27, the East-West Corridor that runs from Porbandar in Gujarat to Silchar in Assam.
GS Paper 3 > Infrastructure > Roads and PPP models
General Awareness > Schemes and infrastructure projects
General Awareness > National highways and connectivity
A PPP model in which the government funds part of the construction cost and pays the rest as annuities, retaining toll risk.
A gap in the central divider allowing vehicles to cross or turn at road level; removing them raises safety and speed.
NH-27, the highway corridor running across northern India from Porbandar in Gujarat to Silchar in Assam.