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The Uttar Pradesh government told the National Green Tribunal that the floodplain of the Solani river has been demarcated using a one-metre digital elevation model and a 100-year return period.
The report said the floodplain has been notified for Saharanpur and Muzaffarnagar districts, with boundary pillars installed along both banks in February 2025.
The NGT had earlier objected that the one-metre contour interval used for demarcating the Ganga and its tributaries had not been applied to the Solani.
A 100-year return period means the boundary is drawn to the flood level expected to be equalled or exceeded once in a century, the standard adopted for Ganga-basin floodplain zoning.
The Solani rises in the Himalayan foothills near Dehradun, flows through Saharanpur and Muzaffarnagar, and joins the Banganga upstream of Shukratal in the Ganga basin.
A return period is how often a flood of a given size is expected. Drawing the boundary at the 100-year flood line marks the land a river can reclaim within a century, so construction inside it can be regulated rather than litigated after a disaster.
Simple Analogy: Marking the tide line before building on the beach.
The Solani rises in the Himalayan foothills near Dehradun in Uttarakhand and flows south into the plains of western Uttar Pradesh, through Saharanpur and Muzaffarnagar districts, before meeting the Banganga upstream of Shukratal - placing it within the Ganga basin. Near Roorkee it is crossed by the Solani Aqueduct, which carries the Upper Ganga Canal over the riverbed.
Created the NGT as a specialised tribunal for the effective and expeditious disposal of cases on environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources, including enforcement of any legal right relating to the environment.
The umbrella statute under which floodplain and river-protection directions are ultimately enforced, and one of the scheduled Acts over which the NGT exercises jurisdiction.
The line of NGT orders requiring states in the Ganga basin to demarcate floodplains at a one-metre contour interval for the 100-year flood, which is the standard the Solani report was measured against.
Statutory tribunal for environmental disputes, with power to award compensation for damage caused by environmental violations; appeals from it lie to the Supreme Court
Implementation wing of the National Ganga Council; its small-river rejuvenation work covers Ganga-basin tributaries such as the Solani
Technical authority on flood estimation, return-period computation and river-basin data used in exercises of this kind
GS Paper III > Environment - conservation and environmental governance; GS Paper II > Statutory and quasi-judicial bodies
General Awareness > Indian geography, rivers and environmental bodies
How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT) different from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)? 1. The NGT has been established by an Act whereas the CPCB has been created by an executive order of the Government. 2. The NGT provides environmental justice and helps reduce the burden of litigation in the higher courts whereas the CPCB promotes cleanliness of streams and wells, and aims to improve the quality of air in the country. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Answer: 2 only
Which of the following is the largest artificial lake in Asia?
Answer: Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar
Who was the first woman Governor of an Indian state?
Answer: Sarojini Naidu
According to the Indian Railways (2019-2020), which state has the largest railway track in India?
Answer: Uttar Pradesh
In which state is "Lathmar Holi" celebrated?
Answer: Uttar Pradesh (Barsana/Nandgaon)
The average interval at which a flood of a given magnitude is expected to be equalled or exceeded; a 100-year flood has a one per cent chance of occurring in any year.
A digital representation of ground surface height; a one-metre DEM resolves elevation finely enough to map flood extent reliably.
Regulating land use within a demarcated flood-prone belt so that construction does not obstruct the river or expose people to predictable flooding.